The
object of the sewage treatment plant is to stabilize decomposable
organic matter present in the sewage so as to produce an effluent
and sludge, which can be disposed of in the environment without
causing health hazards as nuisance. Before proceeding with the
design of the treatment plant it is essential to know the variations
in quantity and characteristics.
Characterization
of waster water is essential for an effective and economical
wastewater management program. It helps in the choice of treatment
methods, deciding to extend of treatment, assessing the beneficial
user of wastewater and utilizing the waste water purification
capacity of natural bodies of water in a planned and controlled
manner.